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![]() ![]() All figures are drawn with light traveling from left to right. To common form of lens equation in introductory texts For thicker lenses, Gullstrand's equation can be used to get the equivalent power. For a thin lens, the lens power P is the sum of the surface powers. The derivationof the Gaussian form proceeds from triangle geometry. The thin lens equationIs also sometimes expressed in the Newtonian form. Ninja gaiden sigma trophiesThe distance of a real image is positive. The distance of a real object is negative. The focal length of such a surface is positive. The refractive power of a surface that makes light rays more convergent is positive. Distances to the left of the surface are negative. Anno 1800 pc gameIt is an equivalent treatment, but the Gaussian form will be used in this resource. Cartesian sign convention applied to:In the Newtonian form of the lens equation, the distances from the focal length points to the object and image are used rather than the distances from the lens.Newton used the "extrafocal distances" x o and x i in his formulation of the thin lens equation. It has some advantages when dealing with multilens systems and more complex optical instruments. Angles measured clockwise from the optic axis are negative.Because the direction of light travel is consistent and there is a consistent convention to determine the sign of all distances in a calculation, this sign convention is used in many texts.
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